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Figure 3.
Changes in Ginkgo stomatal parameters since 1754: (A) observed (National
Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration, 2019b) and inferred from ice cores (Lüthi, et al., 2008: before 1955)
atmospheric CO2, with insignificant error, and declining stomatal index (%) of
Ginkgo (1σ error); (B) stomatal density (stomates·m–2) of Ginkgo (1σ error); (C)
stomatal length (μm) of Ginkgo (1σ error). Stomatal index, density, and length were all
measured from scanning electron microscopy images of herbarium specimens (Retallack and Conde, 2020).
Comparable data scatter in panels (B) and (C) are for Quercus laurifolia in Florida, from
Lammertsma et al. (2011).
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