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Figure 1.
The paradox of rising water in the Mississippi River, but little change in climate or land use: (A)
maximum and mean annual water level of the Mississippi River at Hannibal, Missouri (U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, 2019); (B) mean annual precipitation (mm) and mean annual temperature (°C) at Hannibal
(crosses) and St. Charles (solid symbol), Missouri (National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration, 2019a); (C) area of farmed land in United States (Sohl et al., 2016; U.S. Department of
Agriculture Statistics Service, 2019: millions of hectares, open symbols) and in five Minnesota counties
of St. Croix watershed (Andersen et al., 1996; thousands of hectares, closed symbols: top to bottom,
Polk, St Croix, Pierce, Chisago, and Washington counties).
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